Réflexions sur l’expérience et l’effet de la nostalgie à l’aide du film Nostalghia (1983) d’Andrei Tarkovski
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.21301/eap.v19i1.6Mots-clés :
nostalgie, expérience de la nostalgie, temporalité, TarkovskiRésumé
L’objet de cette recherche est le déplacement culturel, temporel et spatial de l’individu de son pays natal comme motif de la nostalgie. Par conséquent, pour l’analyse je puise mon matériau dans le film artistique Nostalghia (1983), première création du réalisateur soviétique/russe Andrei Tarkovski tournée en dehors du territoire de l’URSS. Comme il s’agit d’une réalisation ayant des caractéristiques d’un film autobiographique, je l’aborde comme une forme d’expression émotionnelle. En se concentrant sur l’expérience de la nostalgie, Tarkovski émet la thèse qu’elle est pénible, mélancolique et, dans ses aboutissements ultimes, mortelle. Dans la tentative de trouver la réponse à la question pourquoi elle est conçue, ressentie ou vécue de cette manière-là, je suis guidée par l’hypothèse fondamentale que ce n’est pas uniquement que la nature de la nostalgie en soi qui est ambivalente, mais c’est également le cas de son effet – le coincement, ce qui la rend insupportablement pénible. Ce qui est coincé n’est pas privé de mise en mouvement, mais est privé de mouvement dans le sens d’efficience, d’efficacité. Dans l’interprétation des matériaux qui concernent l’expérience de la nostalgie, sa dimension temporelle et l’effet qu’elle produit, je m’appuierai sur l’appareil théorico-méthodologique conceptuel de l’anthropologie des émotions et des migrations, et de la sociologie de la nostalgie de Davis. L’analyse démontre que la dureté de cette émotion et même sa mortalité se cache dans l’expérience de la nostalgie comme état et coincement.
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