Rod, bolest i seksualnost u spisima Soranusa, Etijea iz Amide i Pavla iz Egine. Doprinos antropologiji bolesti u Vizantiji
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21301/eap.v17i4.4Ključne reči:
istorija zdravlja, antropologija bolesti, ženska seksualnost, žensko telo, Soranus, Etijus iz Amide, Pavle iz EgineApstrakt
Medicinska antropologija i antropologija bolesti pružaju jedinstvenu tačku polazišta za istraživanja o tome na koji način se zdravlje i bolest stvaraju, doživljavaju i shvataju u kontekstu globalnih istorijskih i političkih događaja. Uz to, antropologija bolesti nam omogućava da shvatimo društvene i kulturne determinante zdravlja u datom istorijskom kontekstu.
Jedan od glavnih ciljeva ovog rada je bio da ukaže na puteve daljih istraživanja, posebno u kontekstu roda: na koji način su stvarani i pregovarani feminiteti i maskuliniteti u datom istorijskom kontekstu. Uz to, pitanje koje stoji pred nama jeste i to na koji način je koncept prirode i prirodnosti stvaran u odnosu na sociološke i kulturne parametre.
Kada je reč o ranovizantijskom odnosno poznoantičkom periodu, koji karakteriše početak kompilacije velikih medinskih enciklopedija, fokusirala sam se na studije slučaja iz medicinskih kompendija Etija iz Amide i Pavla iz Egine u cilju pronicanja u kontekstualni okvir antropologije roda i bolesti. Iako Soranova Ginekologija ne potiče iz ovog perioda, već iz doba Ranog carstva, ona je uzeta u obzir kao jedan od najuticajnijih priručnika o ženskom zdravlju u periodu kojim se bavimo. Soranova Ginekologija je bila jedan od glavnih priručnika za izvode o ženskim bolestima.
Cilj antropologije jeste da razume društvene i kulturne kontekste u kojima se bolest događala i razvijala. Ljudi antike su bili svesni uticaja spoljašnjih faktora, ishrane, psihe, emocija i društvenih odnosa na patologiju bolesi i stoga su upravo neki od tih parametara i predmet ovog istraživanja.
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