Égyptomanie, sexe et ontologie dans la trilogie Nikopol (1980–1992) et le film Immortel, ad vitam (2004)
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.21301/eap.v18i3.7Mots-clés :
Égyptomanie, tournant ontologique, idéologie, re-production, Enki Bilal, sexeRésumé
À partir de l’exemple de la trilogie Nikopol (1980–1992) et du film Immortel, ad vitam (2004) d’Enki Bilal, cet article analyse le sujet du sexe qui transcende les catégories ontologiques, c’est-à-dire la relation sexuelle entre humains et divinités dans la science-fiction moderne. La question de partenaire sexuel(le) approprié(e) pour les divinités égyptiennes antiques dans l’œuvre d’Enki Bilal est une question d’ontologie et de pureté raciale. Dans l’œuvre de Bilal, un hôte approprié pour le dieu Horus est un corps humain qui n’a subi aucune modification. Dans l’œuvre de Bilal, une partenaire sexuelle appropriée pour le dieu Horus est une femme non-humaine étant capable de concevoir avec une divinité. Ce sujet dans l’œuvre de Bilal ressemble étonnamment à la question de partenaires sexuel(le)s approprié(e)s pour les divinités égyptiennes évoquée dans les sources écrites égyptiennes antiques. Alors que les dieux égyptiens n’ont des relations sexuelles qu’avec les femmes humaines (par exemple: l’épouse du prêtre du dieu-soleil Rê, l’épouse du pharaon), les déesses égyptiennes n’ont pas de relations sexuelles avec les hommes humains. Dans cet article, on démontre que ce que les partisans du tournant ontologique comprendraient comme une question d’ontologie, ne peut être compris sans que l’idéologie soit prise en compte. Chez Bilal, c’est l’idéologie fasciste qui se trouve au fond, et dans l’Egypte antique, c’est celle de la différence de classe. Par conséquent, si les ontologies sont des produits idéologiques, elles sont construites socioculturellement. Si différentes classes dirigeantes de différents mondes (fictifs, passés et présents) utilisent les mêmes idées sur la reproduction sexuelle privilégiée avec des divinités, alors ni ces classes dirigeantes ni ces mondes ne sont si radicalement différents les uns des autres.
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