L’archéologie en Serbie face aux défis du colonialisme numérique
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.21301/eap.v20i3.4Mots-clés :
colonialisme numérique, colonialisme de données, archéologie numérique, éthiqueRésumé
Le développement des technologies numériques a engendré de nouvelles inégalités mondiales dans un contexte où les grandes entreprises se disputent le contrôle du marché des données numériques. Ces déséquilibres dans la répartition informationnelle du pouvoir, désignés par le terme de colonialisme numérique, influencent de multiples façons le processus de la recherche archéologique. Cet article constitue une première tentative d’expliquer le phénomène du colonialisme numérique dans le contexte de l’archéologie serbe. En s’appuyant sur des exemples de la pratique locale et internationale, l’article met en lumière les mécanismes d’exploitation affectant la discipline nationale, remettant en question le degré de sa dépendance matérielle, logicielle et réseau. On souligne l’importance du développement des ressources locales, de l’utilisation de logiciels libres et d’une gestion responsable des données, ainsi que le besoin de réviser les modèles de numérisation existants. Le renforcement des chercheurs nationaux dans cette perspective est essentiel à la création de l’autonomie technologique de la discipline, la gestion responsable des technologies de l’information étant la condition sine qua non de la souveraineté numérique en archéologie.
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