« Le patrimoine pour la paix et le développement » – une occasion qu’il ne faut pas manquer
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.21301/eap.v16i4.7Mots-clés :
patrimoine culturel, paix et réconciliation, antiréalisme, nationalisme, sciences humaines et sociales – influence socialeRésumé
L’utilisation de la protection du patrimoine culturel dans les programmes de stabilisation et du développement post-conflit est l’approche dominante de la communauté internationale de ce qui constitue la thématique principale de nos recherches et de notre enseignement. Au lieu de nous opposer à elle, d’un point de vue antiréaliste ou nationaliste, il est plus judicieux de la reconnaitre, l’appliquer et l’utiliser pour améliorer la condition des sciences humaines et sociales dans notre pays et notre société. Nos analyses théoriques standard de l’instrumentalisation du patrimoine, qui démasquent son caractère construit et ses fonctions politiques, irritent et même offensent presque toutes les parties intéressées en dehors de nous-mêmes. Le public perçoit le patrimoine – l’essence de l’identité collective, comme réel, donné, préexistant, comme le milieu naturel. Si nous souhaitons réaliser les objectifs de l’anthropologie, et plus largement des sciences humaines et sociales, il est temps de nous réconcilier avec le paradigme même de réconciliation et d’arrêter de produire de la théorie contre-indiquée pour les objectifs de la discipline. Cela parce que les objectifs de l’anthropologie sont déjà incorporés dans l’utilisation de l’ethnologie et de la protection du patrimoine culturel de la part de la communauté internationale (seulement nous ne le faisons pas ou mettons du temps pour le reconnaître).
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