Réfugiés de confession musulmane en Serbie – Narrativisation des changements dans les rôles de genre
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.21301/eap.v14i4.10Mots-clés :
réfugiés, migrations, culture, identité de genre, rôles de genre, analyse narrativeRésumé
Les migrations forcées sont une suite d’événements particulièrement stressants qui peuvent provoquer des changements dans notre manière de construire notre identité. L’objectif de cette recherche a été de déterminer de quelle manière des migrations et des séjours prolongés en Serbie, pays qui diffère du pays d’origine et du pays de destination désirée sous plusieurs aspects culturels, influe sur la construction des rôles de genre chez de jeunes réfugiés de confession musulmane. Des interviews semi-structurées ont été effectuées avec sept individus de sexe féminin et huit individus de sexe masculin qui ont fui l’Afhganistan, l’Iran et le Pakistan et au moment de l’enquête séjournaient en Serbie depuis plusieurs mois. L’analyse narrative a été concentrée sur des sujets récurrents et des changements concernant les rôles de genre entre le récit présent et celui d’autrefois. C'est ainsi qu’ont été obtenus trois types de récits. Le récit le plus fréquent, appelé Expression du caché, rend compte de la similitude des récits du présent et du passé, mais aussi des changements importants dans la façon où se manifestent les rôles de genre, ainsi que des changements liés à la confiance en soi et aux rapports interpersonnels. Dans le récit Reconstruction de soi de grands changements ont été trouvés dans la construction des rôles de genre. Enfin, le récit Rester le même, reflète l’absence de changements aussi bien dans la construction des rôles de genre que dans les manières dont ceux-ci se manifestent. La plupart des participants à l’enquête ont au cours de leur migration adopté une stratégie d’intégration et se sont rapprochés des valeurs de l’individualisme, de la féminité et de la rationalité, alors qu’un nombre moins important d’entre eux, exclusivement composé de participants de sexe masculin, ont conservé des valeurs patriarcales traditionnelles.
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(c) Tous droits réservés Nataša Simić , Jelena Vranješević , Isidora Ilić 2019

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