Arheologija kao znanje o alternativnim rešenjima. Atinska demokratija i susedstvo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21301/eap.v17i3.6Ključne reči:
demokratija, polis, poglavarstvo, heterarhija, arheološko znanjeApstrakt
Od ranog modernog doba, demokratija je jedna od ključnih društvenih vrednosti, koja (treba da) obezbeđuje jednaku zastupljenost svih članova zajednice u političkom odlučivanju. Koreni ovog načina društvenog organizovanja eksplicitno se povezuju sa antičkim predloškom, oličenim u atinskom uređenju u V veku stare ere. Početno znanje na kojem se zasnivalo moderno shvatanje antičke demokratije poticalo je gotovo isključivo iz sačuvanih pisanih izvora. S druge strane, ustrojstvo zajednica koje su istovremeno živele dublje u evropskom kontinentu, označenih terminom gvozdenog doba, zanemareno je pri razmatranju šireg konteksta u kojem je nastala atinska demokratija. Arheološki zasnovano znanje o ovim zajednicama, formirano poslednjih decenija, upućuje na raznolikost situacija, koja prevazilazi tradicionalnu interpretaciju zasnovanu na konceptu poglavarstva. Postavljanje atinske demokratije u kontekst različitih društvenih rešenja koja su istovremeno realizovana u njenom zaleđu može nam otvoriti nove uvide u načine njenog funkcionisanja, kao i u čitav opseg mogućih alternativa. Najzad, ovakvo uporedno posmatranje može dovesti i do jasnijeg razumevanja sličnosti i razlika između antičkog modela demokratije i modernih oblika organizovanja koji se označavaju istim terminom.
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