Antiantipozitivizam: o epistemološkoj hipohondriji, konstitutivnoj drugosti i ostalim demonima
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21301/eap.v20i4.6Ključne reči:
antiantipozitivizam, epistemologija, znanje, antropologija, filozofija, pozitivizamApstrakt
Iako se proglasi o antropologiji kao, navodno svojstvenoj, „epistemološkoj hipohondriji“ pripisuju Klifordu Gercu i tumače kao postmoderni ili protopostmoderni, oni to zapravo nisu. U ovom radu ćemo nastojati da osvetlimo ključne tačke „epistemološkog spoplitanja“ kad je reč o utemeljenju znanja koje pogađaju sve discipline, pa i antropologiju. Metodologiju ćemo shvatiti kao primenjenu epistemologiju, a epistemološke čvorove kao čvorove koji leže u osnovi izgradnje svakog, pa i antropološkog znanja. Fokus ćemo izoštriti na debatu o pozitivizmu koju ćemo sagledati kao debatu o osnovama znanja. „Pozitivizam“ se u istoriji i teoriji naučne metodologije vrlo često čitao kao negativni drugi u otklonu od kojeg su se, posebno od 1960-ih, konstituisali brojni „pomaci“. Međutim, kroz brikoliranu analitičku prizmu internalističke filozofije nauke, antropologije i semiologije, pokazaćemo da je „pozitivizam“, kao monolitni pojam, u velikoj meri naknadna konstrukcija njegovih antipozitivističkih kritičara koja ignoriše varijacije koje su postojale u okviru samog pozitivizma, kao i otklone od izvornih pozicija koji su načinjeni unutar samog pozitivizma. Za polazni analitički osnov uzećemo slavni Gercov pojam antiantirelativizma koji ćemo, u skladu s potrebama ovog rada, rekontekstualizovati kao antiantipozitivizam.
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