Boasov postulat ratničkog porekla tajnih društava i mitovi o „kulturnom heroju“ i „prevarantu“ u Severnoj Americi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21301/eap.v16i1.1Ključne reči:
Franz Boas, severno-američki Indijanci, tajno društvo, rat, mitApstrakt
U ovom članku autori polaze od pretpostavke da je Franz Boas imao koherentnu teoriju tajnog društva koju nigde nije sistematski razvio, ali koja se može rekonstruisati iz nekoliko njegovih radova. Autori se ne bave celom tom teorijom već samo postulatom o ratničkom poreklu tajnih društava (koji je kasnije postao fundament teorije Männerbunda). Boas je, naime, smatrao da su tajna društva severno-američkih Indijanaca bila izvorno ratnička, ali da su do početka 20. veka ili zadržala samo funkcije inicijacije i edukacije, ili su se transformisala u terapijska i plesna društva. Iako je tvrdio da mitologija Indijanaca ne omogućava dodatne uvide u poreklo tajnih društva, samo njegovo bavljenje mitom o „kulturnom heroju“ i „prevarantu“ govorilo je suprotno. Autori pokušavaju da odu korak dalje i da nove priloge za izučavanje ratničkog porekla tajnih društava u Severnoj Americi pronađu u mitu o Vuku kao bratu (ocu) „kulturnog heroja“.
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